standard provides a precise, reliable method for determining water content in petroleum products, tars, and bituminous materials. What is ASTM D95? ASTM D95, titled
To achieve the standard's precision (often cited between 0.1% and 0.2%), the equipment must be perfectly assembled: : A glass or metal container where the sample is heated.
While ASTM D95 is a proven method, several alternatives exist, each with distinct advantages and limitations.
[28†L12-L14]
Allow the trap to cool to room temperature. If any water droplets adhere to the sides of the glass trap, nudge them down into the water layer using a copper wire or glass rod. Read the volume of water directly from the graduated markings. Calculate the water content using the following formula:
To conduct an ASTM D95 test accurately, laboratory personnel require a standardized distillation apparatus consisting of the following components:
Understanding ASTM D95: The Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation Astm D95 Pdf
The vapors rise into a reflux condenser, where they turn back into liquid and drip into a graduated trap. Separation:
While ASTM D95 is a reliable standard, it does have specific limitations:
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The ASTM D95 standard defines strict limits for evaluating the validity of test results: Repeatability (
Official copies of the full are available for purchase directly from the ASTM International Store . Overview of ASTM D95