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Use this when the second action happened the reporting verb action. It is alleged that the suspect fled the country. →right arrow The suspect is alleged to have fled the country. 4. Common Reporting Verbs
The is another way to express general beliefs or reports without focusing on any specific person. It begins with the dummy or "empty" subject 'it' . This structure is widely used in news reports, academic writing, and formal contexts where the emphasis is on the information itself, not its source.
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The impersonal passive starts with the dummy subject followed by a passive reporting verb, then a that-clause .
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In formal English, reporting verbs like believe, say, think, know, report, and claim are often used in passive structures to sound more objective or to distance the speaker from the information. 1. The Impersonal Passive (The "It" Construction) This public link is valid for 7 days
In this example, "it" is the subject, but the doer of the action (who said) is not specified, making it an impersonal voice sentence.
Some verbs (like give, send, offer, teach ) can take two objects: a direct object (the thing) and an indirect object (the person receiving the thing). In such cases, you can create two different personal passive sentences. Most often, the indirect object (the person) is promoted to the subject position.
People believe that the dragon guards a treasure.Leo transformed this into the Impersonal Passive . It was easy: he started with "It," used the passive form of the reporting verb, and kept the rest of the sentence the same. Can’t copy the link right now
It+Passive Reporting Verb (am/is/are/was/were + V3)+that+Subject+VerbIt plus Passive Reporting Verb (am/is/are/was/were + V3) plus that plus Subject plus Verb Active: They believe that the company is losing money.
They believed that he stole the money. Personal Passive: He was believed to have stolen the money. 3. Transforming Tenses: Personal Passive
that the celebrity is planning a secret wedding. The celebrity is rumored to be planning a secret wedding.
Personal voice refers to the use of pronouns such as I, you, he, she, it, we, and they to indicate the doer of the action in a sentence. In personal voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action described by the verb.
| Verb | Impersonal Example | Personal Example | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | It is said that... | He is said to be... | | Believe | It is believed that... | She is believed to have... | | Think | It is thought that... | They are thought to be... | | Consider | It is considered that... | This is considered to be... | | Know | It is known that... | He is known to have... | | Report | It was reported that... | The building is reported to be... | | Expect | It is expected that... | The prices are expected to rise... | | Allege | It is alleged that... | The politician is alleged to have... |